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Angina - It is an acute pain caused by lack of oxygen supplied to the heart muscle;this lack of oxygen is in turn caused by atherosclerosis.
Aorta - The large artery leading out of the left side of the heart and supplying the whole body with blood
Artery - A main blood vessel carrying blood from the heart to the rest of the body
Atheroma - Fatty material that can build up within the walls of the arteries, when it affects the coronary arteries, it can cause angina,heart attack or sudden death
Atherosclerosis - the build up of fatty material within the walls of the arteries
Blood pressure -The pressure of blood in the arteries.
CHD - Coronary heart disease.
Coronary arteries - the arteries supplying blood to the heart. They are the first arteries to branch of the aorta
Coronary heart disease - Disease caused by furring-up of the coronary arteries with atherosclerosis deposits. Symptoms include breathlessness, angina and heart attacks
Diastole - The relaxed phase of the heart’s pumping cycle.
Diastolic pressure - Blood Pressure during diastole.
Fibre - Indigestible plant residues that are not broken down by the process of digestion. They add bulk and roughage to the food in the gut.
HDL - High density lipoprotein.
High density lipoprotein - Lipoprotein that transports excess cholesterol back to the liver,
Hypertension - Raised blood pressure
Hypotension - Low blood pressure when the blood pressure is below about 100/60
Insoluble fibre - Dietary fibre that is relatively inert and incapable of absorbing water and other compounds in the gut , e.g. wheat bran, oat bran
LDL - Low density lipoprotein.
Lipids - Fatty substances in the blood including HDL and LDL cholesterol
Lipoproteins - A combination of cholesterol and proteins,
Low density lipoprotein - Lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the liver to the peripheral tissues
Monounsaturated fats - Type of fat found in foods such as olive oil, walnut oil, rapeseed oil, and in some margarines and spreads. Monounsaturated fats can help lower LDL levels but do not lower HDL levels.
Omega-3 - a group of polyunsaturated fatty acids , Present in large quantities in oily fish such as herrings,kippers,mackeral,sardines and salmon
Polyunsaturated fats - Fats and oils which contain polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids - Fatty acids in which the carbon chain contains more than one double bond
Saturated fats - Fats and oils that contain mainly saturated fatty acids.
Saturated fatty acids - Fatty acids in which the carbon chain contains no double bonds
Soluble fibre - Dietary fibre that can absorb water and other compounds in the gut, found mainly in pulses,fruit and to a lesser extent in cereal foods.
Systole - The pumping phase of the heart’s cycle
Systolic pressure - Blood pressure during systole. It is greater than the diastolic pressure.
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